B.Tech Syllabus (2nd Sem Mechanical Engineering)

Module 1: Atomic and Molecular Structure (10 Lectures)

• Failure of classical Newtonian and Maxwell wave mechanics
• Electromagnetic radiation, dual nature of electron and electromagnetic radiation
• Plank's theory, photoelectric effect and Heisenberg uncertainty principle
• Principles for combination of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals
• Formation of homo and hetero diatomic molecules
• Coordination numbers and geometries, isomerism in transitional metal compounds
• Crystal field theory and energy level diagrams for transition metal ions

Module 2: Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications (8 Lectures)

• Principles of vibrational and rotational spectroscopy
• Elementary idea of electronic spectroscopy
• UV-Vis spectroscopy and its applications
• Fluorescence and its applications in medicine
• Basic principle of nuclear magnetic resonance and its application
• Basics of magnetic resonance imaging

Module 3: Intermolecular Forces and Properties of Gases (4 Lectures)

• Ionic, dipolar and van der Waals interactions
• Equations of state of ideal and real gases, deviation from ideal behaviour
• Vander Waal gas equation

Module 4: Use of Free Energy in Chemical Equilibria & Water Chemistry (8 Lectures)

• Thermodynamic functions: energy, enthalpy entropy and free energy
• Free energy, EMF, and cell potentials, the Nernst equation and applications
• Corrosion
• Use of free energy considerations in metallurgy through Ellingham diagrams
• Solubility equilibria
• Water chemistry, hard and soft water
• Parameters of quality of water to be used in different industries
• Calculation of hardness of water in all units
• Estimation of hardness using EDTA and alkalinity method
• Removal of hardness by soda lime and ion exchange method including zeolite method

Module 5: Periodic Properties (4 Lectures)

• Effective nuclear charge, penetration of orbitals
• Variations of s, p, d and f orbital energies of atoms in the periodic table
• Electronic configurations, atomic and ionic sizes
• Ionization energies, electron affinity and electronegativity
• Polarizability, acid, base, principle of HSAB theory
• Oxidation states, hybridization and molecular geometries

Module 6: Stereochemistry (4 Lectures)

• Representations of 3-D structures, structural isomers and stereoisomers
• Configurations and symmetry and chirality
• Enantiomers, diastereomers, optical activity, absolute configurations
• Conformational analysis

Module 7: Organic Reactions and Synthesis of a Drug Molecule (4 Lectures)

• Introduction to intermediates and reactions involving substitution, addition, elimination, oxidation-reduction
• Diels Elder cyclization and epoxide ring openings reactions
• Synthesis of a commonly used drug molecule like aspirin

Paper Code: 102202

L:3 T:1 P:0 CREDIT:4

Detailed Contents:

Module 1: Multivariable Calculus (Integration): (10 Lectures)

Multiple Integration: Double integrals (Cartesian), change of order of integration in double integrals, change of variables (Cartesian to polar), Applications: areas and volumes, center of mass and gravity (constant and variable densities); Triple integrals (Cartesian), orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, simple applications involving cubes, sphere and rectangular parallelepipeds; Scalar line integrals, vector line integrals, scalar surface integrals, vector surface integrals, theorems of Green, Gauss and Stokes.

Module 2: First Order Ordinary Differential Equations: (6 Lectures)

Exact, linear and Bernoulli's equations, Euler's equations, equations not of first degree: equations solvable for p, equations solvable for y, equations solvable for x and Clairaut's type.

Module 3: Ordinary Differential Equations of Higher Orders: (8 Lectures)

Second order linear differential equations with variable coefficients, method of variation of parameters, Cauchy-Euler equation; Power series solutions; Legendre polynomials, Bessel functions of the first kind and their properties.

Module 4: Complex Variable – Differentiation: (8 Lectures)

Differentiation, Cauchy-Riemann equations, analytic functions, harmonic functions, finding harmonic conjugate; elementary analytic functions (exponential, trigonometric, logarithm) and their properties; conformal mappings, Mobius transformations and their properties.

Module 5: Complex Variable – Integration: (8 Lectures)

Contour integrals, Cauchy-Goursat theorem (without proof), Cauchy Integral formula (without proof), Liouville's theorem and Maximum-Modulus theorem (without proof); Taylor's series, zeros of analytic functions, singularities, Laurent's series; Residues, Cauchy Residue theorem (without proof), evaluation of definite integral involving sine and cosine, evaluation of certain improper integrals using the Bromwich contour.

Suggested Text/Reference Books:

• G.B. Thomas and R.L. Finney, Calculus and Analytic geometry, 9th Edition, Pearson, Reprint, 2002.
• Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
• W. E. Boyce and R. C. DiPrima, Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, 9th Edition, Wiley India, 2009.
• S. L. Ross, Differential Equations, 3rd Ed., Wiley India, 1984.
• E. A. Coddington, An Introduction to Ordinary Differential Equations, Prentice Hall India, 1995.
• E. L. Ince, Ordinary Differential Equations, Dover Publications, 1958.
• J. W. Brown and R. V. Churchill, Complex Variables and Applications, 7th Ed., Mc-Graw Hill, 2004.
• N.P. Bali and Manish Goyal, A text book of Engineering Mathematics, Laxmi Publications, Reprint, 2008.
• B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 36th Edition, 2010.

Course Outcomes:

The objective of this course is to familiarize the prospective engineers with techniques in multivariate integration, ordinary and partial differential equations and complex variables. It aims to equip the students to deal with advanced level of mathematics and applications that would be essential for their disciplines.

The students will learn:

• The mathematical tools needed in evaluating multiple integrals and their usage.
• The effective mathematical tools for the solutions of differential equations that model physical processes.
• The tools of differentiation and integration of functions of a complex variable that are used in various techniques dealing engineering problems.

Module 1: Introduction to Programming (6 Lectures)

• Introduction to components of a computer system
• Idea of Algorithm: steps to solve logical and numerical problems
• Representation of Algorithm: Flowchart/Pseudocode with examples
• From algorithms to programs; source code, variables (with data types)
• Variables and memory locations, type casting/type conversion
• Run time environment (static, dynamic location), storage classes
• Syntax and logical errors in compilation, object and executable code

Module 2: Operators (3 Lectures)

• Arithmetic expressions/arithmetic operators
• Relational operators
• Logical operators
• Bitwise operators and precedence

Module 3: Conditional Branching and Loops (5 Lectures)

• Writing and evaluation of conditionals and consequent branching
• Iteration and loops

Module 4: Arrays (4 Lectures)

• Array declaration & initialization, bound checking
• Arrays (1-D, 2-D), Character arrays and Strings

Module 5: Basic Algorithms (6 Lectures)

• Searching (linear search, binary search etc.)
• Basic sorting algorithms (bubble, insertion and selection)
• Finding roots of equations
• Notion of order of complexity through example programs

Module 6: Function (4 Lectures)

• Introduction & writing functions, scope of variables
• Functions (including using built in libraries)
• Parameter passing in functions, call by value
• Passing arrays to functions: idea of call by reference

Module 7: Recursion (5 Lectures)

• Recursion, as a different way of solving problems
• Example programs, such as finding factorial, Fibonacci series, reverse a string using recursion
• Quick sort or Merge sort

Module 8: Structure/Union (3 Lectures)

• Structures, accessing structure elements
• Way of storage of structure element, defining structures and array of structures
• Basic definition of union, comparison between structure & union with example

Module 9: Pointers (5 Lectures)

• Idea of pointers, defining pointers
• Use of Pointers in self-referential structures
• Notion of linked list (no implementation)
• Pointer to pointer, pointer to array, pointer to strings
• Array of pointer, pointer to function, pointer to structure

Module 10: File Handling

(Only if time is available, otherwise should be done as part of the lab)

Lectures & Videos: (10 hours)

1. Manufacturing Methods-casting, forming, machining, joining, advanced manufacturing methods (3 lectures)
2. CNC machining, Additive manufacturing (1 lecture)
3. Fitting operations & power tools (1 lecture)
4. Carpentry (1 lecture)
5. Plastic moulding, glass cutting (1 lecture)
6. Metal casting (1 lecture)
7. Welding (Arc Welding & Gas Welding), brazing, soldering (2 lectures)

Workshop Practice: (60 hours)

1. Machine shop (10 hours) and Fitting shop (8 hours)
2. Carpentry (6 hours)
3. Welding shop (8 hours) (Arc welding 4 hrs + Gas welding 4 hrs)
4. Casting (8 hours) and Smithy (6 hours)
5. Plastic moulding & Glass Cutting (6 hours)
6. 3-D printing of different models (8 hours)

1. Vocabulary Building

   • The concept of word formation
   • Root words from foreign languages and their use in English
   • Acquaintance with prefixes and suffixes from foreign languages in English to form derivatives
   • Synonyms, antonyms, and standard abbreviations
   • Affixes, acronyms

2. Basic Writing Skills

   • Sentence structures
   • Use of phrases and clauses in sentences
   • Importance of proper punctuation
   • Kinds of sentences
   • Use of tense, use in context and coherence of tense in writing
   • Use of voice – active/passive in sentences
   • Use of speech – direct and indirect speech
   • Framing questions- direct, using modal verbs

3. Identifying Common Errors in Writing

   • Subject-verb agreement
   • Noun-pronoun agreement
   • Misplaced modifiers
   • Articles
   • Prepositions
   • Redundancies
   • Clichés
   • Common English errors

4. Nature and Style of Sensible Writing

   • Describing
   • Defining
   • Classifying
   • Providing examples or evidence
   • Writing introduction and conclusion
   • Organising principle of paragraphs in documents
   • Argument, describing/ narrating/ planning, defining, classifying
   • Lexical resources, using suitable language register
   • Coherence, writing introduction, body and conclusion, techniques for writing precisely, grammar and accuracy

5. Writing Practices

   • Comprehension
   • Formal letter writing/ Application/ Report writing/ Writing minutes of meetings
   • Essay writing
   • Formal email writing
   • Resume/ CV writing, cover letter
   • Statement of purpose

6. Oral Communication

   (This unit involves interactive practice sessions in Language Lab)

   • Listening Comprehension
   • Pronunciation, Intonation, Stress and Rhythm
   • Common everyday situations: Conversations and Dialogues
   • Communication at workplace
   • Interviews
   • Formal Presentations
   • Acquainting students with IPA symbols
   • Phonetics (basic)
   • Sounds – vowels, consonants
   • Clearing mother tongue influence
   • Clearing redundancies and common errors related to Indianisms
   • Group Discussion
   • Expressing opinions
   • Coherence and fluency in speech

7. Reading Skills

   • Reading comprehension
   • Paragraph reading based on phonetic sounds/ intonation

8. Professional Skills

   • Team building
   • Soft skills and etiquettes

9. Acquaintance with Technology-aided Language Learning

   • Use of computer software (Grammarly, Ginger…)
   • Use of smartphone applications (Duolingo, Busuu…)

10. Activities

    • Narrative chain
    • Describing/ narrating
    • Writing essays in relay
    • Peer/ group activities
    • Brainstorming vocabulary
    • Cue / flash cards for vocabulary
    • Debates